Friday, December 1, 2017

The Infamous...John Gotti



by Ran


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John Joseph Gotti, Jr. was born on October 27, 1940 in the South Bronx, New York. He was the fifth of his parents', John, a sanitation worker and Fannie, 13 children. John often wore ragged clothes to school due to the family's poverty. When he was 12-years-old, the family moved to the East New York section of Brooklyn, NY. 

At 14, Gotti lost two toes following the attempted theft of a cement mixer from a construction site with friends, after it rolled over his left foot. The injury had a permanent effect on the way that he walked. Later, Gotti, who idolized Murder Inc. leader Albert Anastasia,  headed a neighborhood gang known as the Fulton-Rockaway Boys, which also included his older brother, Peter, and younger brother, RichardDuring this time, he forged friendships with fellow teenage trouble-makers Wilfred "Willie Boy" Johnson and Angelo "Quack Quack" Ruggiero, nephew of Gambino crime family member Aniello "Neil" Dellacroce. Gotti attended Queens, NY's Franklin K. Lane High School but dropped out at 16. The Fulton-Rockaway Boys often engaged in turf battles with local African-American gangs and in 1957 one such scuffle resulted in a Rockaway Boy being stabbed and thrown out of a window. Gotti's first arrest, in 1958, for disorderly conduct, was a result of another gang fight. Over the next two years, he became an associate of Gambino family caporegime or capodecina (captain) Carmine "Charlie Wagons" Fatico's mafia crew -- though he did manage to hold legitimate jobs as a trucker's helper and a garment presser during this time as well. 

Gotti met Victoria DiGiorgio in a local bar in 1958 and married her in 1962. That same year, the couple's second child, Victoria, was born. Their first, Angela, was born in the spring of 1961. Gotti served 20 days in jail that year for a joyriding charge. In 1963, Gotti was drafted and ordered to report to a Brooklyn Selective Service bureau for induction on November 22 of that year. When he failed to show, the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) began a search for him and were told by each of his parents that they had no idea where he was since falling out with him over the fact that he'd gotten married. In 1964, Gotti's son, John Angelo Gotti, was born. On October 12, 1965, he was arrested and charged with grand theft auto. When he appeared for his November 10 hearing at the Kings County Court House, the FBI confronted him about his earlier disappearance. The explanation Gotti provided was that he believed that his status as a husband, father and convicted criminal disqualified him from serving in the military. The following day, he reported to the appointed Selective Service board and was denied induction into the armed forces. By the time he was 26, the 5'10" Gotti had been arrested nine times for offenses including gun possession, burglary, assault and auto theft. 

In November of 1967, John, his younger brother Eugene, and Ruggiero were arrested and charged with the theft of clothing and electronics from cargo trucks that they hijacked near John F. Kennedy International Airport (then known as Idlewild Airport). All three entered guilty pleas. In December, John was convicted for another truck hijacking at JFK. John was sentenced to seven years and another four years in prison, to run concurrently. [John was sentenced to three years in prison] He did his time in the Lewisburg, Pennsylvania federal facility, where he met, and impressed, Bonanno crime family underboss Carmine Galante, who was serving a 20-year sentence for a narcotics conviction. During her husband's time away, Victoria received public assistance in order to care for the family, which had grown to include four children. Her parents helped out by purchasing a home for the clan in Queens' Howard Beach community. Upon his release in 1972, Gotti was named acting head of the Fatico crew by Fatico himself, who'd decided to lower his profile after being indicted for loan-sharking. 

On May 18, 1972, Emanuel "Manny" Gambino, the nephew of Gambino family head, Carlo Gambino, was shot to death after being kidnapped and held for $350,000 ransom, only $23,000 of which was paid. Gotti was ordered to murder one of the perpetrators, Irish-American mobster James McBratney. On May 22, 1973 Gotti, Ruggiero, and Ralph "Ralphie Wigs" Galione confronted McBratney in a Staten Island bar, Snoopes, claiming to be police detectives, where he was later found shot to death. Though McBratney was unarmed during the confrontation, detectives later found a submachine gun in his car, which was parked outside of the bar. Gotti, who'd been picked from a photo array by witnesses, was arrested in June of 1974 and charged with murder. After attorney Roy M. Cohn, retained by Gambino, struck a deal with prosecutors, both Gotti and Ruggiero's murder charges were reduced to attempted manslaughter in exchange for guilty pleas. Each was sentenced to four years in prison. According to Joseph "Big Joey" Massino's witness 2011 testimony, Gotti was also responsible for the 1975 shooting death of  Vito Borelli, boyfriend of then-Gambino family caporegime Paul "Big Paul" Castellano's daughter, Constance, on behalf of the capo, because Borelli had reportedly insulted him by comparing his looks to that of Frank Perdue, president, CEO and spokesman for Perdue Farms. 

According to investigators, during Gotti's stay at upstate New York's Green Haven Correctional Facility  in Stormville, NY, correctional officers, who'd accepted bribes, allowed Gotti to leave prison in order to meet with associates at New York City restaurants and to spend time at his blue and white split level Howard Beach home at 160-11 85th Street. The officers claimed the trips were necessary for medical examinations. Gotti was so popular during his time at Green Haven, that a group of inmates presented him with a plaque before his release, that read, "To a great guy, John Gotti. From the boys at Green Haven." 

By the time Gotti was paroled, on July 28, 1977, Paul Castellano had succeeded Carlo Gambino as leader of the Gambino family. Gambino had named Castellano, his brother-in-law, his heir, before his death, by natural causes, in 1976. Gotti, who'd fathered five children (John, Frank, Peter, Victoria and Angel) with his wife Victoria by this time, was made -- officially inducted into the organization -- and received a promotion as well. However, he took a construction job in order to meet the conditions of his parole.

Gotti reportedly took part in the notorious Lufthansa heist at JFK Airport on December 11, 1978. Gotti met with Lucchese crime family associates James "Jimmy the Gent" Burke, the robbery's mastermind, and Henry Hill at the Long Island City, Queens restaurant Prudenti's Vicin' O Mare to discuss the plans prior to the theft. Gotti offered to provide a warehouse in which the goods in the getaway van could be transferred to another vehicle. He was also responsible for having the van destroyed after it was taken to a Brooklyn scrap yard under his control. Though the van was never demolished as planned, through no fault of Gotti, he took home $200,00 of the $5, 875,000 in cash and jewelry stolen. 




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In January of 1979, Gotti allegedly shot 28-year-old Lucchese family-associate Tommy DeSimone to death in the basement of an Italian restaurant, Don Vito's, on the Bronx's Arthur Avenue using a Colt .38 handgun equipped with a silencer. DeSimone, who inspired Joe Pesci's character Tommy DeVito in the 1990 film Goodfellas, was responsible for the 1970 murder of William "Billy Batts" Bentvena as well as the 1974 killing of Ronald "Foxy" Jerothe -- both made members of the Gambino crime family and personal friends of Gotti. After learning that DeSimone was to become a made man, Gotti secured permission to kill him from his boss, Lucchese family member Paul "Paulie" Vario. Gotti welcomed DeSimone as he arrived at what was to be his induction ceremony into the Lucchese family and shot him three times in the head. 

Gotti became a "made man", or full member, in 1979, and Dellacroce, now the family's underboss, named him the capo of Fatico's old crew (renamed the Bergin crew).

Gotti's 12-year-old son, Frank, known as "Frankie Boy" to family, was accidentally but fatally struck by a neighbor's car, while riding a mini-bike, on March 18, 1980. When the neighbor, John Favara, went to the Gotti's home to apologize, Victoria attacked him with a baseball bat. Favara's car was stolen from where it was parked in front of his home and was later recovered with the word "murderer" spray-painted on it. On July 28, the same month that he'd put his house on the market, Favara was abducted in New Hyde Park, Long Island, by eight men as he was leaving his job at the Castro Convertible furniture plant. While many speculated for years that Favara was killed, a 44-page motion in a 2009 racketeering case would  reveal that Favara was shot in the legs after being ushered into a van. Investigators believe that he was then driven to Brooklyn, where he was shot to death by Gambino enforcer Charles Carneglia and his body dumped into a 55-gallon oil drum of acid with a cement bottom. The drum was then dropped into the ocean. Gotti and Victoria were vacationing in Florida at the time, where they'd driven on July 25.

In 1981, in order to further an investigation by the Queens district attorney's office, listening devices were planted in Gotti's headquarters, the Bergin Hunt and Fish Club, located at the corner of 101st Avenue and 98th Street in Ozone Park, Queens, for three months. Gotti, a chronic gambler, was captured on a November 11 wiretap complaining, "I bet the Buffalo Bills for six dimes, they're getting killed 10-0." Ruggiero's telephone was tapped as well, resulting in FBI investigators' discovery that he was involved in heroin trafficking, specifically, moving 50 kilograms of the drug during a span of six months.

By all accounts, Gotti ran a tight ship. In 1982, he was captured on an audio recording threatening to kill a subordinate, Anthony Moscatiello, for failing to return his phone calls promptly. Gotti told Moscatiello: "Listen, I called your fuckin' house five times yesterday, now, if you're gonna disregard my motherfuckin' phone calls, I'll blow you and that fuckin' house up." He continued, "This is not a fuckin' game. My time is valuable. If I ever hear anybody else calls you and you respond within five days, I'll fuckin' kill you."

In 1983, Ruggiero and Gene Gotti, both members of the Bergin crew, were indicted -- for trafficking heroin -- which was ostensibly prohibited, on penalty of death (though allegedly tolerated, providing the guilty parties were never charged by authorities).

On September 11, 1984, Gotti allegedly slapped refrigerator repairman Romual Piecyk during a parking dispute in Maspeth, Queens and robbed him of cigarettes and $325. Gotti and an associate, Frank Colletta, were double-parked in a car that was blocking Piecyk's vehicle. When he blew his horn, Colletta got out and confronted him, hit him in the face and took cash from his pocket. Gotti then got out and confronted Piecyk as well. Afterwards, Piecyk reported the incident to NYPD Officer Raymond Doyle and Sergeant Thomas Donohue, who followed him to nearby restaurant, Cono the Fisherman , where he pointed Gotti and Colletta out. When the officers called them over, Gotti asked, "Do you know who I am?" and told them, "Let me talk to this guy." After being arrested on the spot, Colletta and Gotti were charged with one count of assault and two counts of robbery.

In March of 1985, John and Gene Gotti; Aniello Dellacroce's son Armond; John "Johnny Carnegs"; Gotti's long-time friend, Gambino soldier Wilfred Johnson; Anthony "Tony Roach" Rampino; Leonard "the Conductor" DiMaria; and Nicholas "Little Nick" Corozzo were charged with violating the RICO Act (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations) and three murders, conspiracy to commit robbery, loan sharking and gambling. The indictments were handed down as the result of a three-year investigation into the Gambinos. At a March 28 arraignment, Judge Eugene H. Nickerson ordered the Gottis and Carneglia released on a $1 million personal recognizance bond each. Rampino was released on a $500,000 bond.

John was released on $1 million bail, and arrested again in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in April. On June 15, Gotti reportedly had a physician visit him at Manhattan's Barbizon Plaza Hotel, where he was spending time with mistress Shannon "Sandy" Grillo, estranged wife of Gambino associate Ernesto Grillo and daughter of Dellacroce's mistress, Rosemary Connelly. Gotti had the doctor exam him because what he feared was an ulcer had interfered with the couple's tryst. 

Apparently inheriting his father's rumored quick-temper, John Gotti Jr. and friends were involved in a brawl at Howard Beach's Blue Fountain Restaurant Diner on June 30, resulting in his being charged with assaulting off-duty probation officer, Daniel Bedillo. 

After learning about Ruggiero and Gene Gotti's drug charges, Castellano sought access to recorded telephone calls that the government insisted contained Ruggiero discussing drug deals. Ruggiero stalled and appealed to Dellacroce, at a June 5 meeting which John Gotti attended, to intervene on his behalf with the boss. Dellacroce, however, succumbed to lung cancer on December 2, 1985 before securing a "pardon" for Ruggiero and Gotti.




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Gotti, fellow Gambino family member Salvatore "Sammy the Bull" Gravano and three others subsequently formed a secret coalition, calling themselves "The Fist", and plotted a coup within the organization. Taking advantage of tensions within the family and resentment toward Castellano's leadership, white-collar pretensions and the fact that he'd failed to attend Dellacroce's funeral, the conspirators secured approval from three of the other four New York crime families (they neglected to reach out to Vincent "The Chin" Gigante, head of the Genovese family) to murder "Big Paul". 

On December 16 at approximately 5:25 p.m., Castellano and Gambino underboss Tommy Billotti, who'd been promoted from Castellano's bodyguard and driver, were shot to death shortly after arriving at Manhattan's Sparks Steak House on East 46th Street. Gotti and Gravano watched from a parked car as four men dressed in matching trenchcoats and papakha hats approached Castellano's vehicle and opened fire on both he and Billotti as they exited. Each mobster was shot in the head six times. With Dellacroce and now Billotti and Castellano dead, Gotti became the leader of the Gambino crime family -- the most powerful of the mafia families operating in the U.S. -- making him the capo di tutti capi, Italian for "boss of all bosses". Police detectives surveilling Dellacroce's former headquarters, the Ravenite Social Club, at 247 Mulberry Street in lower Manhattan, in an unmarked van on Christmas Eve, reported observing several suspected mafioso kissing Gotti -- signifying his ascension to the position of mafia don. His elevation in status was also corroborated to the NYPD (New York City Police Department), DEA (Drug Enforcement Agency) and FBI by nine different confidential informants. Gotti let the family's consigliere (Italian for counselor), Joseph N. Gallo, keep his position and astutely prevented potential family infighting by appointing a capo loyal to Castellano, Frank DeCicco, as his underboss.

At the time, the Gambino organization was comprised of 20 capos (crew leaders), 300 made men (official members known as soldiers and wiseguys) and 2,000 associates and grossed an estimated half a billion dollars annually. The money was generated through a variety of revenue streams, including: gambling; loan-sharking; stock fraud; drug trafficking and extortion. 

Gotti routinely conducted mob business at the Bergin Club -- starting at noon, after being picked up at home in a limousine, black four-door Mercedes Benz, Cadillac or Lincoln. Hours later he'd be chauffered to his new base of operations, the Ravenite Club, where he was briefed by his lieutenants. 

In contrast to the most other mafia dons, of any era, Gotti seemed to relish public attention, frequenting Manhattan eateries, such as the upscale Sistina; the exclusive and celeb-filled Regine's; and P.J. Clarke's -- paying in cash. As Gotti's public profile rose, he became known for the $2,000 double-breasted Brioni suits, monogrammed Gucci socks (38) and $400 hand-painted silk ties that he was fond of wearing. He maintained a cigarette boat in Brooklyn's Sheepshead Bay and regularly visited his $300,000 home in the Poconos on weekends. While investigators estimated Gotti's yearly income at about $11 million, he asserted that he was employed as a plumbing supply salesman, earning a $100,000 annual salary. Sammy Gravano's testimony included the admission that he gave Gotti upwards of $1 million per year as his cut of the profits derived from extorting constuction companies.

Gotti was well-loved in his community, owing partly to the annual block party that he hosted every summer near the Bergin Club in Queens. (4) Crime rates were low in Howard Beach (likely due to Gotti's presence) and on the Gotti family front, his son Peter was announced as the student of the month at P.S. 207 in January of 1986. 

On March 24, 1986, during Gotti's and Frank Colletta's trial for assaulting and robbing Romual Piecyk in 1984, the latter, in contrast to his earlier grand jury testimony, testified on the stand in Queens State Supreme Court that he could neither identify the perpetrators nor remember details of the incident. Ironically, the defense attorneys claimed that Piecyk had, in fact, attacked Colletta and that Gotti was merely attempting to help his friend and co-defendant. At one point, Justice Ann B. Dufficy even declared Piecyk a hostile witness. Piecyk, who'd originally been scheduled to testify on the previous Thursday, failed to show and was finally located by police two days later and taken into custody as a material witness for the prosecution. Nearly a month before Piecyk testified, Queens District Attorney John J. Santucci's office asserted that someone had tampered with the brakes on his work van, costing $450 to repair, and that he'd been threatened. Unsurprisingly, given Piecyk's testimony, Justice Dufficy dismissed all charges the following day. 



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At about 1:45 PM on April 13, Gambino family underboss Frank DeCicco was killed outside of a Bensonhurst social club by a car-bomb. The bomb had been intended for Gotti as well, who'd . According to federal investigators, Genovese crime family boss Vincent "The Chin" Gigante, angered by John Castellano's unsanctioned killing, reportedly ordered the hit in retaliation. Genovese family-associate Herbert "Blue Eyes" Pate, who'd been given the assignment alongside Lucchese crime family underboss Anthony "Gaspipe" Casso, had attached C-4 to the undercarriage of DeCicco's 1985 Buick Electra and detonated it with a remote control appropriated from a toy car as he and Lucchese soldier Frank "Frankie Hearts" Bellino exited the club. According to witnesses, the sedan burst into flames and windows shattered in nearby buildings. Both DeCicco and Bellino, who survived, were transported to Brooklyn's Victory Memorial Hospital by NYPD officer Carmine Romeo, who'd witnessed the bombing, in his police van. Gotti, who was scheduled to meet with DeCicco, had never shown up. Pate was chosen to carry out the murder because, as a Genovese-associate, he was less likely to be recognized by the Gambinos. 

After his bail was revoked in May, Gotti was held at the 12-story Metropolitan Correctional Center (MCC) in lower Manhattan. Following Judge Eugene H. Nickerson's months-long postponement, Gotti's federal racketeering trial began in August of 1986. Federal prosecutors presented 90 witnesses and 30 hours of audio recordings over a nearly seven-month trial. One of the revelations made by the government during the proceedings was that John's long-time friend, Wilfred Johnson, who'd never been granted bail during the trial, had been a confidential informant for almost two decades. At times during the proceedings, Gotti insulted co-prosecutor John Gleeson, telling him, "Your mother's a whore" and "You're a junkie." The stylish tailor-made suits that John wore during the trial earned him the nickname, "The Dapper Don", by the press. After a week of jury deliberations, all seven defendants, represented by former Brooklyn assistant district attorney Bruce Cutler, were acquitted on all counts on March 13, 1987. Gotti's Howard Beach neighbors responded by tying yellow ribbons around trees near his house at 160-11 85th Street. On June 5, John Jr. was also acquitted -- of the 2-year-old assault charge on Officer Bedillo. On trial in Queens State Supreme Court like his father a year earlier, the jury delivered a not guilty verdict after deliberating for eight hours following witness Bruce Timper's failure to point Gotti out.

Following the acquittals, Gotti decided to move his base of operations to the Ravenite Social Club,  Neil Dellacroces's former headquarters. He'd often conduct business while taking walks in front of the club, for feat of being captured by any recording devices that may have been planted inside. He also made a habit of conducting business in the apartment upstairs from the club. 

In 1987, Gotti was warned by FBI agents of a plot by six Genovese crime family members, including Louis Anthony "Bobby" Manna, to murder him and his brother Gene -- captured by audio surveillance. Allegedly, the murder plot was conceived by Vincent Gigante, his brother Ralph,  Lucchese crime family head Anthony "Tony Ducks" Corallo and Lucchese family consigliere Christopher "Christie Tick" Furnari at the latter's Staten Island home.

Following Joe Gallo's December 22, 1987 bribery conviction, Gotti replaced him with Gravano as consigliere. On August 29, 1988, Gotti's old friend Wilfred "Willie Boy" Johnson was shot to death as he left his Flatlands, Brooklyn home. At about 6:20 a.m., a trio of gunmen, who'd waited for Johnson in a stolen car, opened fire, striking him 14 times. Johnson, who managed to run a few feet after hearing the initial gunfire, suffered six gunshots to the head, one in each thigh and two to the back, from a .380 caliber handgun. He was attacked while walking to his 1988 black Mercury. The assailants left spikes in the street before fleeing the scene. None of Johnson's neighbors reported hearing gunfire when questioned by police. 

In January of 1989, Gotti was swarmed by disguised police detectives and FBI agents as he left the Ravenite and arrested in lower Manhattan's Little Italy for ordering the 1986 shooting of a carpenter's union official. After spending the night at Riker's Island jail, he was released the very next day on $100,000 bail. On May 23, 1989, Gene Gotti and John Carneglia were convicted of possession with intent to distribute heroin, conspiracy with intent to distribute heroin and racketeering in Federal Court in Brooklyn. 

In early 1990, Gotti, the g*dfather of the Gambino crime family, met Marlon Brando, the star and title character of the 1972 mafia film, The G*dfather. Gotti, who was dining with friends in the back room of a restaurant in Little Italy had an associate, Rocco "The Butcher" Musacchia, invite Brando, who was in the restaurant dining with two of his co-stars, to meet him. After Gotti agreed, via Musacchia, to Brando's request that his dinner companions, Matthew Broderick and Bruno Kirby, who appeared with Brando in the then-upcoming mob comedy, The Freshman, released July 20, accompany him, the mobster and the three actors were introduced. Musacchia, a reputed lieutenant in the Genovese crime family, happened to be familiar with the trio through his work as a technical advisor on the movie. 

On January 20, 1990, Gotti went to trial alongside Gambino family soldier Anthony "Tony Lee" Guerrieri in New York state court for charges connected to the shooting of a carpenters' union president. Each was charged with two counts of assault and a single count of conspiracy. The victim, John F. O'Connor, CEO of Manhattan's Local 608 of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, had been shot four times in the legs and buttocks, by members of the Irish-American organized crime group the Westies, on May 7, 1986. Gotti was accused of ordering  O'Connor shot, using Guerrieri as a go-between, in response to his trashing of a Gambino-controlled restaurant constructed with non-union workers. Before his February 9 acquittal on all charges, and while Gotti was in court, the FBI broke into the Ravenite and planted listening devices in the apartment directly above the club. Also, Gotti's penchant for meeting with fellow mobsters in front of the Ravenite yielded an enormous amount of photographic and video intelligence to investigators, who kept the club under constant surveillance. The press began calling Gotti "The Teflon Don" following his acquittal -- a reference to the notion that the government could never seem to get their charges to stick to him. Upon realizing that Gotti routinely held meetings in the apartment above the club, unit# 10, belonging to Nettie Cirelli, widow of Gambino soldier Mike Cirelli, federal agents broke into the apartment while she was out of town for Thankskiving and installed more listening devices. Gotti was subsequently arrested that December and charged with 13 counts of gambling, tax fraud, obstruction of justice, racketeering, conspiracy and murder (five in all). 




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Gotti was arrested with Gravano, now Gambino family consigliere; Gambino family underboss Frank "Frankie Loc" Locascio; and Gambino family capo Thomas Gambino, son of Carlo Gambino, during a raid of the Ravenite at approximately 7 P.M. on December 11, 1990, the night before he'd planned to take his mistress, Lisa Gastineau, to Frank Sinatra's 75th birthday concert at the Meadowlands' Byrne Arena in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The concert was to be a gift to Gastineau, whose own birthday was on the 11th. Gambino-associate John "Jackie Nose" D'Amico would often arrange for the couple to meet surreptitiously before dining at Midtown Manhattan restaurants the Rainbow Room and Da Noi. At the time, Gastineau was married to estranged-husband, former New York Jets defensive lineman Mark Gastineau. The five-time Pro Bowler was reportedly dating actress Brigitte Nielsen at the time. 

Gotti was charged with federal racketeering and the murders of Paul Castellano, Tommy Billotti, Robert DiBernardo, Louis Dibono and Liborio Milito. He was also charged with loansharking, tax evasion, bribery, illegal gambling, obstruction of justice and conspiracy to murder Gaetano "Corky" Vastola. During pre-trial hearings, prosecutors successfully argued for Gotti to be held without bail and denied the services of his regular counsel, Gerald Shargel and Bruce Cutler. In early November 1991, Gravano reached out to the government via telephone from the Metropolitan Correctional Center and agreed to meet with prosecutors. On November 8, FBI agents took Gravano to a motel in a NYC suburb, where he first met with federal prosecutors John Gleeson and Andrew J. Maloney, the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of New York; and defense attorney William J. Cunningham. Per his request, Gravano was played tapes which included Gotti calling him greedy and discussing murders that he committed. At the resulting trial, Gravano, the government's star witness, testified over nine days that, among other things, he participated in 19 murders and that he and Gotti were on hand to witness the murder of Paul Castellano and Tommy Bilotti. The prosecutions case was further bolstered by audio recordings captured by listening devices, including one made on December 12, 1989 in which Gotti was heard to say about Gambino capo Robert DiBernardo: "I was in jail when I whacked him. I knew why it was being done. I done it anyway." He continued, "I whacked him because he wouldn't come in. He didn't do nothin' else wrong." Fearing a repeat of previous trials, the government sequestered the jury. The high-profile trial was attended by several celebrities, including: Mickey Rourke; John Amos; and Anthony Quinn, who was conducting research for his subsequent portrayal of Aniello Dellacroce in the 1996 HBO movie Gotti.

Following a 10-week trial and after 13 hours of jury deliberations, Gotti was convicted on all counts on April 2, 1992. Locascio was convicted of racketeering, including one murder charge and six other charges consisting of murder conspiracy, tax fraud, gambling and obstruction of justice. Both were sentenced by Judge I. Leo Glasser to life in prison without the possibility of parole and $250,000 fines. An estimated 800 demonstrators chanted support for Gotti for over two hours outside Brooklyn federal courthouse. Seven protesters were arrested following a scuffle with police in which eight officers were injured. Gravano was sentenced to five years in prison. 

On February 24 ,1992, the jury foreman in Gotti's 1987 RICO trial, George H. Pape, was indicted on charges of obstruction-of-justice for requesting and receiving, through a long-time associate of Gravano, a $60,000 bribe to ensure that a guilty verdict wasn't reached. A jury found Pape guilty on November 6. He subsequently served three years in prison.

On June 23, a jury sentenced Gotti to a life term in federal prison. Following his sentencing hearing, Gotti was transported via plane to the maximum-security federal prison in Marion, Illinois, becoming federal inmate# 182-053. Beginning in 1992, he was limited to his cell, with the exception of one hour of exercise each day. In order to retain his control over the Gambino family, Gotti installed a ruling panel, composed of  his son, John "Junior" Gotti; capo John "Jackie Nose" D'Amico; and Nicholas "Little Nick" Corozzo. 

On July 18, 1996, Gotti was assaulted in the prison recreation room by fellow-inmate Walter Johnson. Johnson, an African-American, punched Gotti in response to his use of a racial slur. Seeking retaliation, Gotti solicited Michael McElhiney and David Sahakian, high-ranking members of the Aryan Brotherhood prison gang to murder Johnson for either $40,000 or $400,000. The following month, McElhiney ordered two members of the gang to carry out the hit. By March of 1997, Johnson, a convicted bank robber, had been transferred to the ADX federal supermax facility in Florence, Colorado. AB member and former inmate Jesse Van Meter subsequently visited gang leader Barry Mills, also incarcerated at ADX, at McElhiney's behest in order to work out the details of the plot. Mills allegedly delegated responsibility for the killing to two gang subordinates after prison guard Joseph Principe arranged for the three to be in the exercise yard together. Johnson was released from prison on May 15, 2000, alive and well. 

Gotti was diagnosed with throat cancer and underwent head and neck surgery to treat it in 1998. 

"Junior" Gotti was convicted of racketeering himself, in 1999. He'd entered a guilty plea in exchange for a reduced sentence of six years and five months.  That February, a prison recording captured John Junior asking Gotti for permission to plead guilty. By that time, every member of the "Gambino panel" was facing serious federal charges, so John Gotti named his eldest brother, Peter, the acting boss.

On June 4, 2002, federal prosecutors unsealed an indictment charging 17 people, including John's brothers Peter and Richard (Gambino family captain), with racketeering. Four of the defendants, including brothers Vincent and Julius Nasso, were charged with extorting money from action star Steven Seagal. Seagal was allegedly pressured to hand over $150,000 for every movie that he made. One of the men charged allegedly showed up on the Canadian set of Seagal's 2001 movie Exit Wounds and later attended the film's March 13, 2001 premiere in Holllywood. 

John Gotti died of throat cancer on June 10, 2002, at the Springfield, Missouri federal prison hospital. He was interred next to his son, Frank, at St. Johns Cemetery in Queens. 
By the time Gotti died, the FBI had compiled over 1,580 pages of files related to him. 









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Salvatore "Sammy the Bull" Gravano and John Gotti


Thursday, November 30, 2017

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Wednesday, November 1, 2017

The Infamous...Curry Boys



by Ran



Johnny Curry and his twin brother, Leonard, were born in 1959. Their younger brother, Rudell, was born a year later. They grew up in a lower middle-class, predominately African-American eastside neighborhood, about seven miles from downtown Detroit.

By all accounts, Johnny was the more reserved and cerebral of the twins, while Leo, as Leonard was known, was a flashy extrovert. Johnny garnered the nickname "Little Man", while Leo got the name "Big Man". Rudell came to be known as "Boo".

The twins began their drug careers in the late 1970s, selling marijuana. The brothers' father, Samuel "Sammy Mack" Curry, reportedly provided the seed money for the business in 1978. After moving up to high volume dealing, they switched from marijuana to heroin and, finally, powdered cocaine and crack in the 1980s. They built and maintained a collection of 24 dope houses on the east side of Detroit offering marijuana, heroin, cocaine and crack and stored significant amounts of cash at Allen Hill, Sr.'s Hill's Marathon Station auto garage, located at 10901 East Warren in Detroit. One of the twins would routinely collect the cash from Hill's.

The Currys' cocaine was supplied primarily by Sam "Doc" Curry and Detroit local, Art Derrick. Derrick owned a fleet of four planes, two of which he purchased from the Rolling Stones, which he used to fly product in from Miami, netting $100,000 profit per day at his peak. Derrick, who died in 2005, lived in a palatial home with a marble-floored basement and a pool bearing his initials on the bottom.

Each of the twins drove burgundy-colored Ford Broncos with Eddie Bauer leather interiors. Even Rudell drove a matching Bronco, except his was blue. Johnny also drove a customized Berlina. The entire organization would sometimes drive to the city's Belle Isle Park, located on the Detroit River, on warm days.

The twins made a habit of commandeering a local roller-skating rink, Royal Skateland, at night and essentially throwing impromptu parties. They frequented more mature parties at The Lady nightclub. Another favorite hangout was Stoke's, an establishment with strippers and topless waitresses. 

Johnny dated, and later married, Cathy Germaine Volsan, the niece of then-mayor Coleman A. Young. Cathy's father, Willie Clyde Volsan Jr., who happened to be married to Mayor Young's sister, Juanita Clark, was a drug kingpin throughout the 1970s and 80s. After a career of illegal gambling, Volsan trafficked in heroin before moving on to cocaine. Before dating Johnny, Cathy had been involved with Detroit Pistons star Vinnie "The Microwave" Johnson. When Cathy became pregnant with Johnny's child, her baby shower was held at the Manoogian Mansion, the mayor's official residence.





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Cathy and Willie Volsan



Young, Detroit's first African-American mayor, amassed considerable power during his five terms in office and Cathy, in turn, used her familial relationship to her uncle to gain access to information regarding police investigations involving herself and those in her circle -- including the Currys. 

By 1984, the FBI and Detroit police had launched an investigation into the Curry organization. Federal agents even broke into Johnny's house and planted listening devices. 

By that time, Rudell had started hanging out with neighborhood teenager, Richard "White Boy Rick" Wershe. They frequently rode around in Rudell's Ford Bronco, picking up girls. They also frequently spent time at Royal Skateland, enjoying Rudell's older brothers' get-togethers.

Unbeknownst to the Currys, at 14-years-old, Wershe was recruited by the FBI, who were conducting an investigation of the brothers, precisely because of his familiarity with them. 

Johnny's marriage to Cathy Volsan in 1985 prompted Mayor Young to provide her with a security detail comprised of Detroit police officers, headed by Sergeant James Harris.

Johnny sometimes took Wershe along to watch the Detroit Tigers play. He even accompanied the Currys to the world middleweight championship boxing bout between undisputed champion "Marvelous" Marvin Hagler and Detroit-native Thomas "The Hitman" Hearns held on April 15, 1985 in Las Vegas, Nevada.

During a drive-by shooting targeting the northwest Detroit home of Leon Lucas on April 29, his 13-year-old nephew, Damion Lucas, was inadvertently killed by two Curry triggermen after being shot in the chest. Damion and his younger brother, Frankie, both orphans since their mother's death the year before, lived with Leon. Lucas, a heroin dealer, along with his cousin, Robert Walton, both Curry-associates, had been given the responsibility of arranging the itinerary for the Currys' Vegas trip but were unable to purchase tickets to the fight ahead of time. The two already owed the Currys for cash and heroin seized during a police raid. The ticket fiasco only exacerbated the situation. The shooting was intended as a message to Lucas, who wasn't home at the time. According to the FBI, Leo Curry ordered Curry-associate Wyman Jenkins to send Sidney "Wack" Goodwin and Walter "Waldo" Owens -- who they furnished with MAC-10 and MAC-11 machine pistols -- to do the job. Kevin "Weasel" Colbert drove Goodwin and Owens to Walton's home where they shot up a car parked in the driveway and to Lucas' residence, where Damion was unintentionally shot while watching television with Frankie. A barrage of at least 10 shots entered the house.  Following the driveby, Leon Lucas gave an interview in which he asserted that Leo and Jenkins had called him the morning of the shooting threatening to carry out the very driveby that took place. Another man unrelated to the Curry organization, LaKeas Davis, was charged with the killing, however, FBI Agent Herman Groman, one of Richard Wershe's handlers, informed the judge and attorneys involved in the case that wiretap evidence indicated that Davis was not involved and the charges were dropped.




Gil Hill with Eddie Murphy in 
Beverly Hills Cop



Following Damion's killing, Johnny reportedly held an organization meeting in the basement of his home during which he offered to pay anyone in-the-know to keep quiet about the matter if questioned by police. According to FBI Agent Herbert Groman, Curry called Sergeant Harris and Commander Gilbert Roland "Gil" Hill of the Detroit Police Department the morning following the drive-by.

On September 19, Curry-associate Lamont "Bummy Lou" Davis assaulted an unidentified man who failed to pay a drug debt owed to the organization. Davis set him on fire after administering a beating. That same day, Curry-enforcer Lee Potts, acting on orders from Johnny, allegedly killed Eric Dunston to settle a turf dispute.

The Currys are estimated to have made approximately $200 million by 1987. 

On April 2, 1987, the Curry brothers; their father, Samuel; Wyman Jenkins; Lamont Davis; and Allen Hill, Sr. were indicted on multiple drug charges, including operating a continuing criminal enterprise, following a joint-investigation by the FBI, Detroit police and the IRS. Johnny, Sam, Rudell and Hill were formally charged in federal court that same day, while Leo, Jenkins and Davis remained at-large. Cathy and Willie Volsan, Roy Covington, Anthony "Zero" Johnson, Ruth Curry, Patricia Curry, Cassandra Curry and Carlene Knight were all named as unindicted co-conspirators. Eventually, 20 members of the Curry organization would be indicted. On September 8, 1987, Johnny and Leo, represented by attorney Steve Fishman, accepted a deal and pleaded guilty to operating a continuing criminal enterprise and tax evasion. Ultimately, the other 18 defendants entered guilty pleas as well. 

On January 13, U.S. District Court Judge Richard Suhrheinrich sentenced Johnny and Leo to 20 years without the possibility of parole and fined them $250,000. Rudell pleaded guilty to narcotics conspiracy charges and was sentenced to 7 1/2 years in prison on February 18. Jenkins was eventually sentenced to 15 years in prison. 

In 1992, Cathy Volsan Curry testified that Commander Hill had informed Johnny that there was a wiretap on his telephone. Following his convictions, Johnny admitted to FBI agents that he, accompanied by Cathy, personally paid then-Homicide Inspector Hill $10,000 in his office to redirect the investigation into Damion Lucas' murder away from his organization. When Curry and Hill spoke the morning after the murder, Hill allegedly requested that he and Cathy meet with him in his office. Sergeant Harris, who reported to Hill, picked the two up and drove them to police headquarters. Hill, who died in February of 2016, appeared as Inspector Todd in the Beverly Hills Cop film trilogy, and was later elected president of Detroit's City Council in 1989.

Johnny and Leo served 11 years of their sentence in a federal facility located in Texarkana, Texas, before being released in 1999. 






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Johnny Curry and Cathy Volsan



























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Sunday, October 1, 2017

The Infamous...White Boy Rick



by Ran Britt


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Richard John Wershe, Jr. was born on July 18, 1969 to Richard Wershe and Darlene McCormick. 

Wershe's lower middle-class family lived in a predominately African-American eastside neighborhood, about seven miles from downtown Detroit, that was also home to John and Leonard "Leo" Curry. The Wershe family lived in a brick house on Hampshire Street, across the street from Richard, Sr.'s parents' home. When Rick was six-years-old, Darlene left the family. Richard, Sr. made a living buying and selling firearms, including semi-automatic handguns and sub-machine guns. He would eventually manage Newman's, a gun store located in downtown Detroit. When Rick was eight-years-old, his father taught him how to fire a gun and started taking him to gun shows at Detroit's Light Guard Armory. He later gave him his own .22-caliber rifle. When Rick was 13, the neighborhood became one of several casualities of white-flight, owing to the decline of the city's auto industry and its accompanying layoffs.

Around that time, Rick's parents gave in to his requests to move in with his mother in the suburb of Clinton Township. Though he clashed with his new stepfather, he enjoyed the new environment. However, he became involved in petty crime, breaking into homes with Terrence Bell, who was dating his older sister, Dawn, who had become a crack user. According to Rick, he himself had only snorted cocaine once. 

At 14-years-old, Rick started hanging out with Rudell "Boo" Curry, Johnny and Leo's younger brother. They frequently rode around in Rudell's Ford Bronco, picking up girls. They also frequently spent time at a local roller-skating rink, Royal Skateland, at which Rudell's older brothers regularly held court and essentially threw impromptu parties.

Rick's first arrest took place on March 24, 1984. After pulling into a gas station near the Wershse's home, the car Rick was driving, his grandmother's, was stolen while he was inside buying a soda. After being alerted by Dawn, who'd driven another car to the station and was blowing the horn, Rick got into Dawn's vehicle and the two pursued the thief on I-94. Rick fired two shots from the .22-caliber revolver Dawn kept in her purse and, unfortunately for him, an off-duty police officer was in the car next to them and subsequently pulled Dawn over. But as luck would have it, the officer failed to appear at trial, leading to the charges being dropped. 

At 14-years-old, Wershe began his career as a confidential informant. He was recruited by the FBI because of his familiarity with members of the predominately African-American Curry brothers drug trafficking organization, who were under investigation by the bureau. To conceal the fact that they were using a juvenile to gather intel, the agents unofficially hired him in June of 1984 and used the same codename, "Gem", that they'd given to his father, who had already been an informant for some time. Initially, his role was limited to identifying the names of individuals in photos shown to him by the FBI. Rick would often attend clandestine meetings with FBI Agent James Dixon in the parking lot of a church near Livernois Avenue for debriefings. 

In February of 1985, investigators used Rick's intel to secure a warrant to search a home in which they seized $200,000 in cash. His duties quickly escalated to making drug buys for the Detroit police, including Officer Billy Jasper. Wershe's handlers even provided him with buy-money and an ID that stated that he was 21-years-old. Rick's payment for helping the authorities would sometimes run as much as $2,000 per job -- in cash. According to Wershe, his assistance netted him a total of $30,000. 

Johnny Curry sometimes took Rick along to watch the Detroit Tigers play. He even accompanied the Currys to the world middleweight championship boxing bout between undisputed champion "Marvelous" Marvin Hagler and Detroit-native Thomas "The Hitman" Hearns held on April 15, 1985 in Las Vegas, Nevada. The FBI gave him $1,500 to pay for expenses during the trip. 

During a drive-by shooting targeting the home of Leon Lucas, is 13-year-old nephew, Damion Lucas, was inadvertently killed by three Curry triggermen after being shot in the chest. Lucas, a Curry-associate, had been given the responsibility of arranging the itinerary but was unable to purchase tickets to the fight ahead of time. The shooting was intended to be a message to Lucas, who wasn't home at the time. Following Damion's killing, Johnny reportedly held an organization meeting in the basement of his home, during which he offered to pay anyone in-the-know to keep quiet about the matter if questioned by police. 

Wershe reported that he'd personally attended the meeting. He also informed the FBI of Detroit Police Homicide Inspector Gilbert Roland "Gill" Hill's successful efforts to direct the investigation of Damion's murder away from the Curry brothers. Wershe was a passenger in Johnny Curry's Bronco when he heard Hill and Curry discussing the matter during a speakerphone conversation on the car phone. Hill, who appeared as Inspector Todd in the Beverly Hills Cop film trilogy, and was later elected president of Detroit's City Council, died in February of 2016





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Rick eventually started selling cocaine himself, buying eight balls and crack from the Currys to be resold. He began amassing a circle of 15 or so drug dealing friends as well. 

When he was 15, another Curry-associate accidentally shot Rick in the stomach, in his home, with a .357-caliber handgun. The wound required hospitalization and the use of a colostomy bag for a time even after his release. 

In June of 1986, law enforcement dropped Wershe, who'd dropped out of school in the 9th grade following his shooting, as a CI and he resumed selling cocaine without their oversight. He was supplied by local Arthur "Art" Derrick, whom he met through the Curry brothers. Derrick owned a fleet of four planes, two of which he purchased from the Rolling Stones, which he used to fly product in from Miami, netting $100,000 profit per day at his peak. Rick would sometimes accompany Derrick to Miami where he'd reserve half of a floor at the Hilton and procure the services of escorts. Wershe was given the nickname, "White Boy Rick", by Derrick so that he could easily distinguish between Wershe and fellow-Detroit cocaine dealer Richard "Maserati Rick" Carter. Derrick, who died in 2005, lived in a palatial home with a marble-floored basement and a pool bearing his initials on the bottom. 

Rick made connections of his own in Miami and began receiving 50-kilogram shipments from his new supplier. Wershe hardly went unnoticed, often wearing mink coats, gold chains, Adidas tracksuits, a diamond-encrusted Rolex and gold belt. He also had a preference for Guess and Calvin Klein brand jeans and Gucci luggage. Despite his lack of a driver's license, Wershe drove a white Jeep that read, "THE SNOWMAN", on the back. The Jeep, however, was only one of Rick's eight vehicles. He also purchased a Chevrolet Camaro Z28 and a Ford Bronco like the one each of the Curry brothers drove -- Rick's was painted green and tan. He and Rudell also had matching 750cc Honda Interceptor motorcycles. 

Around that time, Rick followed in his father's footsteps and became a small-time arms dealer as well. He'd buy guns in Toledo from Ohio state troopers he met at a gun show and resell them back in Detroit. That September, Rick made a $1,600 cocaine sale to an undercover DEA agent at his childhood home. 

Rick moved out of his father's home again when the elder Wershe discovered and confiscated a shoebox containing $50,000 in cash under his bed. 

In 1987, he began a romantic relationship with Johnny Curry's (who was in federal prison awaiting trial) wife, Cathy, who was seven years his senior. She even gave Rick a five-karat diamond ring for his birthday. Cathy's father, Willie Volsan, had himself been a gambling racketeer-turned-heroin distributor in the 1970s. Cathy used her familial relationship to her uncle, Detroit mayor Coleman A. Young, to gain access to information regarding police investigations involving herself and those in her circle -- including Wershe. In fact, Wershe was on hand when federal agents conducted a raid on her townhouse in June of 1987 and discovered reports prepared by Detroit narcotics officers and a list of unlisted telephone numbers belonging to several high-ranking members of Detroit police personnel.

That same year, Rick was targeted in an unsuccessful drive-by while riding in the passenger seat of a friend's convertible. While the two were stopped at a red light, a van pulled up beside them. The sliding door opened and the two were only saved from the gunfire that followed because they ran the light. Nathaniel "Boone" Craft, an enforcer for the Best Friends drug trafficking organization with 30 murders to his credit, later admitted to being the triggerman. 

On May 22, 1987, at about 9 pm, Wershe was arrested when police found him in possession of eight kilograms of cocaine and thousands of dollars in cash. He was stopped by police, including Officer Rodney Grandison, whom he recognized, in a friend's Thunderbird in front of his childhood home. When the officers spotted a Kroger grocery bag full of cash on the floor of the car, Wershe, who had been riding in the passenger seat, initiated a scuffle with one of the cops. After both Richard, Sr. and Dawn came outside and joined the small crowd of onlookers, Rick's father grabbed the bag and gave it to Dawn, who ran to her grandparents' home across the street. The officers, who'd pursued Dawn, discovered the bag of cash in a linen closet. Though the police reported the amount as $30,000, Wershe later testified that the arresting officers seized $34,000. That same night, police also located a cardboard box containing eight kilograms of cocaine that, according to an anonymous tip, Rick had hidden under a neighbor's porch. 

Rick was charged with possession of intent to deliver less than 50 grams of cocaine and possession with intent to deliver more than 650 grams of cocaine. He was granted bail in the amount of $250,000 for the first charge and $750,000 for the second. 

After he posted a $100,000 bond and was released, Wershe attended a Detroit Pistons home game at the Pontiac Silverdome, during which the Jumbotron cameras captured his face on the big screen. 

On September 12, an associate of Rick's, Steve "Freaky Steve" Roussell, was murdered when notorious Best Friends gang enforcer Reginald "Rockin' Reggie" Brown shot him to death as he slept. Brown, who'd reportedly had a dispute with Roussell over a mutual female acquaintance, entered Roussell's residence in the 13600 block of Glenwood in the early morning hours and shot the latter as well as his cousin, Patrick "Little Pat" McCloud, who survived, who'd been sleeping in the living room and was awakened by gunfire. Though Brown was convicted of second-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison, he was released after the conviction was overturned on appeal fifteen months after the shooting. 

In October, Rick was arrested again near the Royal Skateland rink and charged with possession of five kilograms of cocaine. He was arraigned on October 14, 1987 and again granted bail. 

On October 27, federal agents and members of the Detroit Police Department executed a search warrant on Richard Sr.'s 77-year-old mother Vera's home at 13059 Hampshire Street, where they seized weapons, ammunition, $2,000 in cash from a safe belonging to Wershe and parts for 23 gun silencers.  Law enforcement then proceeded to execute a search warrant on Wershe's home, which was located across the street from his mother's, at 13028 Hampshire. It was there that five gun barrels that fit the silencer parts were found on a bed and seized. Wershe's fingerprints were later matched to those found on seven of the silencers.




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Cathy Volsan Curry and Willie Curry




Prior to his trial, Agent Groman met with the Wershes at a hotel and offered assistance on behalf of the government in exchange for Rick's testimony against prominent drug traffickers. Fearing for his life, Rick declined the offer. 

Rick's trial at the Frank Murphy Hall of Justice in downtown Detroit began in January of 1988. He eschewed his usual Fila sneakers for alligator loafers.  Though he initially hired attorney William E. Bufalino II as his legal counsel, Cathy advised Wershe to replace him with Ed Bell and Sam Gardner -- both African-American attorneys with ties to Mayor Young. The pair's first act as Wershe's legal team was to withdraw Bufalino's pretrial motion challenging the admission of the drugs found on Wershe, which did not contain his fingerprints, into evidence. 

Witnesses testified that Wershe had been pistol-whipped by the officers during his scuffle with the police. Richard, Sr. allegedly told a cop in the hallway, "You better not sleep too well," and was arrested and charged with threatening an officer. The jury deliberated for four days and deadlocked twice before agreeing to a guilty verdict. 


On January 15, 1988, Rick was convicted of one count of possession with intent to deliver more than 650 grams of a substance containing cocaine. (It would be his third criminal conviction.) By the time he was convicted, Wershe was the father of two young girls. 

Richard, Sr. granted interviews to journalists, in which he revealed his family's informant history, while incarcerated in the Wayne County Jail. Bufalino, however, disputed the claim that his former client had cooperated with the government. The FBI refused to corroborate Wershe's assertions, citing agency confidentiality policy. 

On February 4, Rick was sentenced to life without the possibility of parole, which was the mandatory sentence for the conviction under Michigan law at the time. Only one other state at the time, Alabama, mandated life sentences without parole for first-time drug convictions. However, Alabama law stipulated that the accused possess at least 10 kilograms of cocaine to be eligible for the mandatory sentence. 

On April 22, 1988, Richard, Sr. was convicted of possession of 23 silencers. He was given a seven and a half year sentence and charged a $50 fine. 

In an attempt to gain leniency, Wershe cooperated with a 1990 FBI investigation of Detroit police officers participating in the shipment of drugs to Detroit City Airport (now Coleman A. Young Municipal Airport). He had been approached by his former FBI handler Agent Groman in July while incarcerated at Marquette Branch Prison, largely due to the bureau's suspicions that leaks within the Detroit Police Department, which had compromised FBI investigations, were attributable to Cathy Curry and Sergeant James Harris. Wershe's involvement in the eight-month sting, nicknamed Operation Backbone, included introducing Miami drug supplier Mike Diaz to Cathy Volsan Curry (who often visited him) via Dawn, who had dinner with the two of them on July 26. Cathy in turn introduced Diaz to her father, Willie Clyde Volsan, Jr., who happened to be married to Mayor Young's sister. Unbeknownst to the Volsans, Diaz was actually undercover FBI Agent Mike Castro and he'd recorded his conversations with them. Castro's fellow agents even stole Volsan's Cadillac from a mall parking lot in order to plant listening devices inside before returning it. Volsan connected Castro with police officers, who agreed to provide security for "Diaz's" cash and 100 kilogram  cocaine shipments, which they did on at least five occasions. One of the officers even smuggled a machine gun into the Detroit Metropolitan Airport, while in uniform. Willie Volsan, Cathy Curry and four others were arrested on May 21, 1991, on charges of accepting money for protecting narcotics trafficking. The following day, 11 police officers, including Harris, Angela Canoy-Simmons and Julandra Young, were arraigned on federal charges of illegally providing protection for narcotics trafficking and released on bail. Harris had accepted $50,000, while most of the other cops took $3,000 per flight. In June, however, the charges against Cathy and the 11 police officers were dropped to allow the government more time to investigate. Eventually, Harris was sentenced to 30 years in prison; Willie Volsan was sentenced to 19 years and five months; Canoy-Simmons received a three-year term; and Young was given two years and six months. Wershe's assistance resulted in his admittance into the federal witness protection program by the Justice Department and he was transferred to a medium-security prison in Marianna, Florida. Cathy's charges were subsequently dropped. Harris received a presidential pardon from George W. Bush in 2008. 




Richard Wershe Jr., left, stands with his attorney, William 
Bufalino II, in Recorder's Court in Detroit on January 14, 
1988. (Photo: William Dekay, Detroit Free Press)




In August of 1991, Richard, Sr. was paroled after serving three years in prison for his weapons conviction. On March 11, 1992, he was arrested outside of his home by U.S. marshals for violating parole by not filing monthly activity reports, a condition of his parole. A month earlier, Dawn Wershe, who lived with him along with her three children, had accused her father of assaulting her. She told police that he'd struck her following her return home after a three-day absence in which he was left to care for her four-year-old, two-year-old and two-month-old with no knowledge of her whereabouts. 


In 1998, the mandatory life without parole sentence for simple possession was ruled unconstitutional for violating the Michigan Supreme Court. Consequently, Wershe was granted his first parole hearing on March 27, 2003. 

Bufalino testified at Wershe's parole hearing that he believed that the legal team that replaced him secretly intended to have their client convicted. He further asserted that Bell and Gardner's withdrawal of his motion to suppress the drug evidence left Wershe with no basis for any future appeals. Bufalino's testimony also included the allegation that Mayor Young personally told him not to interfere with Wershe's case. He testified that Young said, "Stay out of this. This is bigger than you think it is." Parole was subsequently denied.

In 2006, Wershe was convicted for racketeering and conspiracy to commit racketeering involving a car-theft ring while in prison in Florida. After a good deal in Auto Trader Magazine caught his eye, Wershe gave the Miami car-dealer's contact information to his sister, Dawn, who was raising his daughter, and urged her to call. The idea was that she'd re-sell the car in Detroit for a profit -- since, ironically, auto prices are higher in the Motor City. Wershe also passed the dealer's information on to fellow inmate, who's son in Virginia needed a car. Dawn earned a profit of at least $6,000 from the sale of four cars. However, the vehicles turned out to be stolen, with altered VIN numbers used to defraud Florida officials into issuing new titles. Wershe's role was discovered during a two-year criminal investigation nicknamed Operation Road Runner. Wershe's plea agreement included the provision that charges not be filed against Dawn nor his mother. After pleading guilty to racketeering and conspiracy to commit racketeering, Wershe received a five-year prison sentence, though he received credit for 488 days. Wershe was expelled from the witness protection program as a result of his conviction. Convicted Queens, New York drug kingpin Lorenzo "Fat Cat" Nichols pleaded guilty to racketeering for his role in the car-theft scheme in December of 2006. Nichols, who was also incarcerated in Florida and in the witness protection program, received a 10-year sentence after confessing to heading the auto-theft ring, which sold over 250 Florida vehicles to 14 other states from 1999 - 2005, grossing $8 million in the process. 

Wershe's father, Richard, Sr., died in 2014. 


On August 6, 2015, Wershe filed a second motion for relief from judgement (the first motion, filed in 2001, was denied in 2003) and on September 4, the motion was granted by Judge Dana M. Hathaway. Two weeks later she ordered that his sentence be vacated and that he be re-sentenced due to his status as a minor at the time of his conviction. 

Wershe was given a parole hearing in June of 2017, which took place at the G. Robert Cotton Correctional Facility in Jackson, Michigan. During the proceedings, Wershe, wearing a blue and orange prison-issue uniform, was questioned by Assistant State Attorney General Scott Rothermel for over four hours. On July 14, 2017, the Michigan Parole Board's 10 members voted unanimously to release Wershe. 

On August 22, Wershe was released from the Oaks Correctional Facility in Manistee, Michigan into the custody of the U.S. Marshals Service for transport to a Florida Department of Corrections facility in order to serve three years and eight months (of a five-year sentence) for his 2006 felony convictions tied to the car-theft conspiracy. After first being transferred to FCI Milan (Federal Correctional Institure, Milan) in Michigan, he was taken to the Federal Transfer Center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma before being transported to the RMC (Reception and Medical Center) in Lake Butler, Florida. His official release date is April 20, 2021. 

He now has three children and six grandchildren.







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